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The role of DSE (Dark Septate Endophytes) in plant communities in forest ecosystem
Lukešová, Tereza
10 Abstract All plants live in symbiosis with fungal endophytes - they can form mutualistic, commensal or parasitic symbioses. Symbiosis of root endophytes, called for their darkly pigmented and septated hyphae dark septate endophytes (DSE), and plants has been often overlooked although its role for plant communities can be very important. Despite their ubiquitous presence in roots of terrestrial and also aquatic plants the influence of DSE on their host plants is still unresolved. Results of previous studies are inconsistent - some reported that DSE have positive effects on their host plant growth and some negative. The main reason for this inconsistency might be their complicated taxonomy and difficult identification of different cryptic species which are morphologically indistinguishable. We were able to complete a unique collection of the most common DSE species, mainly members of the Phialocephala fortinii - Acephala applanata species complex. The collection includes the most common DSE species isolated from roots of forest plant communities. The goal of my thesis was to describe behaviour of DSE in roots of typical forest plants and elucidate their physiological influence on host plants. In vitro resynthesis experiments were used to observe root colonization patterns. Nutrient flow between the plant...
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The role of DSE (Dark Septate Endophytes) in plant communities in forest ecosystem
Lukešová, Tereza
10 Abstract All plants live in symbiosis with fungal endophytes - they can form mutualistic, commensal or parasitic symbioses. Symbiosis of root endophytes, called for their darkly pigmented and septated hyphae dark septate endophytes (DSE), and plants has been often overlooked although its role for plant communities can be very important. Despite their ubiquitous presence in roots of terrestrial and also aquatic plants the influence of DSE on their host plants is still unresolved. Results of previous studies are inconsistent - some reported that DSE have positive effects on their host plant growth and some negative. The main reason for this inconsistency might be their complicated taxonomy and difficult identification of different cryptic species which are morphologically indistinguishable. We were able to complete a unique collection of the most common DSE species, mainly members of the Phialocephala fortinii - Acephala applanata species complex. The collection includes the most common DSE species isolated from roots of forest plant communities. The goal of my thesis was to describe behaviour of DSE in roots of typical forest plants and elucidate their physiological influence on host plants. In vitro resynthesis experiments were used to observe root colonization patterns. Nutrient flow between the plant...
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The role of DSE (Dark Septate Endophytes) in plant communities in forest ecosystem
Lukešová, Tereza ; Vohník, Martin (advisor) ; Mrnka, Libor (referee)
10 Abstract All plants live in symbiosis with fungal endophytes - they can form mutualistic, commensal or parasitic symbioses. Symbiosis of root endophytes, called for their darkly pigmented and septated hyphae dark septate endophytes (DSE), and plants has been often overlooked although its role for plant communities can be very important. Despite their ubiquitous presence in roots of terrestrial and also aquatic plants the influence of DSE on their host plants is still unresolved. Results of previous studies are inconsistent - some reported that DSE have positive effects on their host plant growth and some negative. The main reason for this inconsistency might be their complicated taxonomy and difficult identification of different cryptic species which are morphologically indistinguishable. We were able to complete a unique collection of the most common DSE species, mainly members of the Phialocephala fortinii - Acephala applanata species complex. The collection includes the most common DSE species isolated from roots of forest plant communities. The goal of my thesis was to describe behaviour of DSE in roots of typical forest plants and elucidate their physiological influence on host plants. In vitro resynthesis experiments were used to observe root colonization patterns. Nutrient flow between the plant...
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Dark septate endophytes - ubiquitous root endophytes with still unexplored ecophysiological potential
Lukešová, Tereza ; Vohník, Martin (advisor) ; Kolaříková, Zuzana (referee)
5 Abstract In natural ecosystems, all plants coexist with fungi. This results in various plant-fungus symbioses, either mutualistic, parasitic or endophytic. For example, the mycorrhizal symbiosis is a mutualistic association that occurs in ca 70 to 90 % of all terrestrial higher plants. Probably even more widespread association is endophytism, when a fungus colonizes different living plant tissues without causing a strong plant defense response. This bachelor's thesis summarizes some older as well as recent papers and reviews on the ecophysiology of the most widespread root endophytes, the Dark Septate Endophytes (DSE), and their impacts on plants. DSE are ubiquitous root colonizers of terrestrial and aquatic plants. The most frequent DSEs isolated from the roots of different plants from Northern Hemisphere belong to the Phialocephala fortinii s.l. - Acephala applanata species complex (PAC). Although some of the PAC species are able to form ectomycorrhizal structures, most of them do not form any mycorrhiza-like structures in the root. Instead, they form inter- and intracellular microsclerotia and mostly melanised septate hyphae with thick cell walls. In contrast to the mycorrhizal symbiosis, DSE do not necessarily influence the host nutrient uptake, but they may play a role in plant drought, extreme...
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